Phytochemical Screening and Biological Activity of Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma Species

The present study aims to investigate the antimicrobial and antitumor properties of Ganoderma lucidum fruit bodies grown under tropical habitat. The phytochemicals present in Ganoderma sp. DKR1 were analyzed and identified as saponins, tannins, terpenoids and phlobatannins. The bioactive compounds in Ganoderma sp. DKR1 were extracted using the solvents (ethyl acetate and chloroform). Its antimicrobial activity was evaluated against clinical pathogens and its cytotoxic effect was evaluated on lung carcinoma cell line (H1 299). The ethyl acetate extract showed antibacterial activity against Micrococcus sp., Enterobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp., Enterococci faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella sp. The chloroform extract showed activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella, Enterobacter sp. and antifungal activity against Candida sp. The cytotoxic activity of Ganoderma sp. DKR1 was evaluated by MTT assay. The ethyl acetate extract did not show any cytotoxic activity on lung cancer cell line (H1299) in comparison with control cell lines. The present study concluded that, Ganoderma sp. has enormous bioactive potential in particular; it serves as a source for antimicrobial compounds. However, further research needed to evaluate the compounds from Ganoderma sp. through phytochemical, biological and molecular standardization.